A basic guide to understanding and building custom mechanical keyboards
Custom mechanical keyboards allow you to choose every component, from switches and keycaps to the case and PCB. This lets you create a typing experience tailored exactly to your preferences.
Switches are the heart of your keyboard. They determine how each keypress feels and sounds.
Smooth keystroke from top to bottom with no tactile bump
Noticeable bump during actuation without audible click
Tactile bump with audible click sound
Measured in grams (g). Lighter switches (45-50g) are easier to press, heavier switches (65-80g) require more force and can reduce accidental presses. Spring length also plays a crucial role.
How far the switch travels. Standard is 4mm total travel with 2mm actuation point. Some prefer shorter travel for faster response.
The profile determines the shape and height of your keycaps, affecting both aesthetics and typing comfort.
Low profile, sculpted, most common
Medium height, sculpted, standard on most keyboards
High profile, sculpted, retro aesthetic
Medium height, uniform (all keys same height)
Low profile, uniform, compact feel
How your keyboard is constructed affects both the typing feel and sound signature.
PCB screwed directly to case, most common and affordable
Plate attached to top of case, PCB hangs below
Gaskets between plate and case provide isolation
O-rings provide mounting points with bounce
Open-source firmware with extensive customization options. Supports layers, macros, and advanced features.
Modern firmware focused on wireless keyboards and low power consumption.
User-friendly software for configuring QMK keyboards without coding.
Topre switches use a unique electro-capacitive mechanism instead of mechanical contacts. They offer a distinctive "thocky" sound and smooth tactile feel that many enthusiasts love. Popular in high-end keyboards like the HHKB and Realforce series.